study Essay Example

study Essay Estimating gracefully chain the executives rehearses Ana Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour, Alceu Gomes Alves Filho, Adriana Backx Noronha Viana and Charbel Jose Chiappetta Jabbour Ana Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour is Assistant Professor in the Department of Industrial Engineering, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Alceu Gomes Alves Filho is Full Professor in Industrial Engineering in the Department of Industrial Engineering, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Adriana Backx Noronha Viana is Associate Professor in Business Administration and Charbel Jose Chiappetta Jabbour is Assistant Teacher of Business Administration, both at The University of Sao Paulo Business School Ribeirao preto (FEA-RP/USP), Summary Purpose This paper expects to play out an experimental examination about the builds and pointers of the gracefully chain the board rehearses structure. overview that was completed on 107 Brazilian organizations. Measurable procedures were utilized to confirm, approve, and test the dependability of the builds and their pointers. To approve this system head segment examination and basic condition demonstrating strategies were utilized. Discoveries by and large, past investigations uggest six develops for estimating the gracefully chain the board rehearses system. In any case, in this investigation a system was accomplished with four builds of gracefully chain the board rehearses, in particular, flexibly chain (SC) reconciliation for creation arranging and control (PPC) support, data sharing about items and focusing on methodologies, vital relationship with client and provider, and bolster client request. This system has sufficient degrees of legitimacy and unwavering quality. We will compose a custom article test on concentrate explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on concentrate explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on concentrate explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Research restrictions/suggestions The fundamental constraint of this examination was that lone a little example of organizations in a solitary division and nation were reviewed, and herefore there should be further research thinking about the unique conditions in different nations. Innovation/esteem This examination explored measurably set markers to talk about the subject gracefully chain the executives rehearses. The system got has great nature of legitimacy and dependability pointers. Consequently, an elective structure has been added to gauge flexibly chain the board rehearses, which is right now a well known point in the gracefully chain standard writing. Both characterized builds and the approved markers can be utilized in different investigations on gracefully chain the board. Watchwords Supply chain the executives, Working practices, Performance estimation (quality), Brazil Paper type Research paper 1. Presentation Supply chain the board (SCM) is a coordinated methodology starting with arranging and control of materials, coordinations, administrations, and data stream from providers to producers or specialist co-ops to the end customer; it speaks to a most significant change in business the executives rehearses (Fantazy et al. 2010). SCM is one of the best ways for firms to improve their exhibition (Ou et al. , 2010). To deal with the flexibly chain activities for acknowledging improvement in nterprise execution, it is important to improve the arranging and the board of exercises, for example, materials arranging, stock administration, scope organization, and coordinations (Chandra and Kumar, 2000) with providers and customers. At present, the points that can be viewed as fundamental to inquire about recommendations in SCM include: gracefully chain coordination, conveyance and transport, stock, request the executives, arranging and improvement, flexibly chain joining, turn around coordinations, gracefully chain data, provider and merchant choice, and green SCM (Hu et al. , 2010). PAGE 18 MEASURING BUSINESS EXCELLENCE VOL. 15 NO. 2 2011, pp. 8-31, Q Emerald Group distributing Limited, ISSN 1368-3047 While enthusiasm for SCM is expanding step by step, there is no accord about the theoretical and methodological research bases of SCM, producing holes in the cutting edge of this examination field (Burgess et al. , 2006). It is difficult to create sound SCM hypothesis without worthy systems and meanings of terms (Stock and Boyer, 2009). What's more, the absence of a far reaching perspective on SCM rehearses and the absence of a dependable proportion of the idea have compelled rules to the training f SCM and furth er research on the theme (Li et al. 2005). Hence, the approval of SCM rehearses issue has been drawing in the consideration of analysts. For instance, Li et al. (2005) conceptualize, create, and approve measurements of SCM rehearses builds. In any case, there are no unanimities in deciding the arrangement of pointers that can sufficiently address the theme Supply Chain Management Practices. Studies performed by Halley and Beaulieu (2010), Bayraktar et al. (2009), Hsu et al. (2009), Robb et al. (2008), Chow et al. (2008), Koh et al. (2007), Zhou and Benton (2007), wong et al. 005), - ran et al. (2002) and Tan (2002) called attention to various sorts of markers and builds utilized. In this manner, examining SCM practices can add to finding a superior comprehension about SCM. Consequently, this paper intends to do an experimental examination of the builds and pointers of the SCM rehearses structure. The accompanying areas incorporate a concise writing survey on SCM rehearses (segment 2 ), methodological systems (segment 3), examinations and conversations (segment 4), lastly, ends (segment 5). 2. Writing foundation A significant level of disarray has happened among gracefully chain researchers during the ast decades by the few SCM definitions that have been proposed in the writing (Stock and Boyer, 2009). Three key subjects rose up out of the different definitions: exercises, advantages, and constituents/segments. The principal subject of SCM definitions, exercises, contains the progression of materials and data, and systems of connections, concentrating on both (inside the association) and outer (outside the association). Second, the advantages coming about because of powerful usage of SCM systems are to include worth and increment consumer loyalty. Third, the segments or constituent pieces of SCM; what associations, unctions and procedures include the flexibly chain (Stock et al. , 2010). SCM rehearses are characterized as the arrangement of exercises embraced by an association to advance viable administration of its flexibly chain (Li et al. , 2005, 2006; Koh et al. , 2007); as the methodologies applied in incorporation, overseeing and coordination of gracefully, request and connections so as to fulfill customers in compelling manner (Wong et al. 2005); as substantial exercises/advancements that have a significant job in the coordinated effort of a central include providers in dynamic, empowering data, sharing and looking or better approaches to incorporate upstream exercises. As an outcome, it includes creating client contacts by client criticism to incorporate the downstream exercises and conveyin g orders straightforwardly to clients (Chow et al. , 2008). In this sense, considering SCM rehearses underpins the view hypothesis with respect to SCM. Significant activities to distinguish and approve SCM rehearses have been accounted for, however it is important that there is no example in characterizing and receiving pointers and builds for SCM rehearses. Tan et al. (2002) and Tan (2002) distinguished 24 SCM rehearses from past investigations and shaped six develops: . gracefully chain reconciliation; 2. data sharing; 3. flexibly chain attributes; VOL. 15 NO. 2 2011 MEASURING BUSINESS EXCELLENCE PAGE 19 4. client care the board; 5. land closeness; and 6. JIT capacity. They utilized a five-point Likert scale to gauge the significance of these practices. Wong et al. (2005) proposed like markers of SCM rehearses in their investigation: B flexibly chain execution; item separation; lead time the board; delay and customization; stock and cost the executives; bullwhip impacts; data sharing and coordination; purchaser merchant relationship; etail procedure; and SCM activities. They utilized a contextual investigation and the practices dependent on the toy business. Six unmistakable builds of SCM rehearses developed, including key provider organization, client relationship, data sharing, data quality, inward lean practices and deferment. All the things were estimated on a five-point scale (Li et al. , 2005, 2006). Zhou and Benton (2007) consider three develops of flexibly chain rehearses (gracefully chain arranging, Just-in-time OIT) creation, and conveyance practice), since they have been demonstrated to be firmly identified with conveyance execution. Every announcement required reactions dependent on a seven-point Likert scale (1 h not actualized, 7 h widely executed). A rundown of SCM builds utilized in past writing in regards to the SCM rehearses is depending on the surviving writing. Koh et al. (2007) and Bayraktars et al. 2009) examines recognize a lot of 12 SCM rehearses: close association with providers, close organization with clients, Just in time flexibly, vital arranging, gracefully chain benchmarking, scarcely any providers, holding wellbeing stock, e-acquisition, redistributing, subcontracting, 3PL, numerous providers. Things were estimated on five-point scales anging from 1 (not in the slightest degree executed) to 5 (completely actualized). Koh et al. (2007) estimating two builds and Bayraktar et al. (2009) estimating three builds. A five-point stretch rating scale framework was utilized by Chow et al. 2008) with 5 approaching the most elevated degree or degree. The builds were: client and provider the executives; correspondence and speed; and data sharing. Robb et al. (2008) thought about four develops in their examination: 1 . client relat

To Miss C.O. Y R.

To Miss C. O. y R. by Jose Rizal (A Translation from the Spanish by Nick Joaquin) Why request those unintellectual sections that once, crazy with misery, I sang dismayed? Or on the other hand would you say you are perhaps tossing in my face my rank thanklessness, my severe past? Why restore despondent recollections now when the heart anticipates from affection a sign, or call the night when day starts to grin, not knowing whether one more day will sparkle? You wish to get familiar with the reason for this sadness insanity of depression that anguish wove?You wish to know the wherefore of such distresses, and why, a youthful soul, I sing not of affection? Goodness, may no one can really tell why! For the explanation brings despairing however may set you chuckling. Down with my body into the grave will go another body that is covered in my stuffing! Something incomprehensible, desire, frenzy, longs for the spirit, an energy and its pains Oh, drink the nectar that life brings to the tabl e and let the severe leftovers in harmony rest! Again I feel the impervious shadows hrouding the spirit with the thick shroud of night: a negligible bud in particular, not an exquisite bloom, since it's down and out of air and light Behold them: my poor sections, my accursed brood and distress nursed every single rascal! Gracious, they know well to what they owe their being, and possibly they themselves will stop for a minute. Interpreted from the Spanish by Nick JoaquinSource http://joserizal. information/Writings/Poetry/verse. lwp. htm#To%20Josephina%20%28To%20Miss%20C. O. %20y%20R. %29

What Is Interference in Psychology

What Is Interference in Psychology Basics Print Types of Interference in Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on March 25, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 06, 2019 Radachynskyi/Getty Images More in Psychology Basics Psychotherapy Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming In This Article Table of Contents Expand Origins Proactive Interference Retroactive Interference Examples Research Applications View All Back To Top Interference is one theory to explain how and why forgetting occurs in long-term memory. Interference is a memory phenomenon in which some memories interfere with the retrieval of other memories. Essentially, interference occurs when some information makes it difficult to recall similar material. Similar memories compete, causing some to be more difficult to remember or even forgotten entirely. Because of this, some long-term memories cannot be retrieved into short-term memory. Have you ever found yourself confusing the memory of one event with another? Such occurrences can be surprisingly common, especially if you are faced with a number of very similar memories. If someone asked you to recall what you had for breakfast last Monday, for example, you might struggle to remember because you have so many similar memories of other meals. There are many different but similar memories encoded in long-term memory, which can make it challenging to recall a specific event and bring it into short-term memory. Origins What causes forgetting? Researchers have long been interested in understanding not only how memory works but why people sometimes forget. Interference theory is just one of several proposed explanations for forgetting. Some important studies have contributed to the development of interference theory. In one of the first studies on the phenomenon of interference, researcher John A. Bergstrom had participants sort cards into two different piles. He found that changing the location of the second pile resulted in slower performance, suggesting that learning the rules for the first task interfered with the memory of rules for the second task. In 1900, researchers Muller and Pilzecker conducted influential studies on retroactive interference. They found that people were less likely to recall nonsense syllables if intervening material was presented 10 minutes or sooner following the original learning task.  They suggested that this indicated that new memories require a period of time to become stabilized in memory, a process they dubbed consolidation. During the late 1950s, psychologist Benton J. Underwood looked at Ebbinghauss famous forgetting curve and concluded that forgetting was influenced not only by time but also by previously learned information. Something called decay theory, for example, elaborates upon Ebbinghaus’s research and suggests that memories decay over time, leading to forgetting. However, a memory may also be susceptible to a number of other influences that affect how well things are recalled and why they are sometimes forgotten. While researchers can control for other factors in a lab setting, the real-world is filled with a variety of events that may also have an impact memory. Many events can take place between the time a memory is encoded and when it is recalled. How rarely (if ever) do you form a memory and then learn nothing new between the formation of that memory and the need to recall that information? Such conditions usually only take place artificially in experimental labs. Any number of these events and memories formed might play a role in interfering with the retrieval of a memory. In your day-to-day life, any number of events, experiences, and new learning can occur between the actual formation of one memory and the need to recall that memory. Researchers have found that when intervening gaps between encoding and recall are filled with other information, then there is a corresponding negative impact on memory. Due to this, it can be challenging to determine if forgetting is because of the passing of time or if it is a consequence of one of these intervening factors. Research suggests, for example, that interfering memories are one factor that can also contribute to forgetting. There are two different types of interference: proactive interference and retroactive interference. Proactive Interference Proactive interference is when older memories interfere with the retrieval of newer memories. Because older memories are often better rehearsed and more strongly cemented in long-term memory, it is often easier to recall previously learned information rather than more recent learning. Proactive interference can sometimes make it more difficult to learn new things. For example, if you move into a new house, you might find yourself accidentally writing your old address down when filling out forms. The older memory of your previous address makes it more difficult to recall your new address. Retroactive Interference Retroactive interference is when newer memories interfere with the retrieval of older memories. Essentially, this type of interference creates a backward effect, making it more difficult to recall things that have been previously learned. In the case of retroactive interference, learning new things can make it more difficult to recall things that we already know. For example, a musician might learn a new piece, only to find that the new song makes it more difficult to recall an older, previously learned piece. Research has found that around 70 percent of information is forgotten with 24 hours of initial learning.   While retroactive interference can have a dramatic impact on the retention of new knowledge, there are some effective strategies that can be implemented to minimize these effects. Overlearning is one effective approach that can be used to reduce retroactive interference. Overlearning involves rehearsing new material past the point of acquisition. It means studying and practicing what you have learned over and over, even after you have achieved sufficient mastery of the subject or skill. Doing this helps to ensure that the information will be more stable in long-term memory and improve recollection and performance. Examples of Interference There are many different examples of how interference can influence everyday life. Consider what happens when you learn how to do something new. If you get into the habit of doing something incorrectly, you will probably find it much more difficult to correct the behavior and perform the actions correctly in the future. This is because your previous learning interferes with your ability to remember more recent material, an example of proactive interference. Imagine a student preparing for a history exam. Between learning the information and taking the actual test, many things can take place. A student may take other classes, work, watch television, read books, engage in conversations, and perform many other activities during this intervening period. In addition to general decay caused by the time elapsed, other memories might form that could potentially compete with the material the student learned for his exam. If this student happened to be a history major, he might have even learned and studied material on similar subjects that might pose even greater interference. So when the student goes to take his exam, he may find recalling some information quite difficult. If he has learned subsequent material that is very similar to the original information, recalling facts and details for the exam might be quite difficult. He might find himself mixing updates of historical battles, or even struggle to remember essential details about how and why certain events took place. The memories formed during the interval between the learning and the test interfere with the older memories, making recall much more difficult. There are many other examples of interference and its effect on our memories. After changing your mobile phone number, you have a difficult time remembering the new number, so you keep accidentally giving people your old number. The memory of your old number interferes with your ability to recall your new number.You are trying to memorize a list of items you need to pick up at the grocery store. During the intervening time, you also happen to read a new recipe on your favorite cooking website. Later at the grocery store, you find yourself struggling to remember the items from your shopping list. The competing memory of the recipe’s ingredients interferes with your memory of what you need at the store.Students are often more likely to recall information that they learn shortly before an exam than the material they learned earlier in the term. In this case, newer information competes with the older learning.A native English speaker who is trying to learn French might find that they keep trying to apply the rules of their native language to the new language the y are trying to learn. Older memories interfere with memories of the new information, making it harder to remember the grammar rules for the new language.A teacher may struggle to learn the names of her new students each year because she keeps confusing them with the names of her students from previous years. Research Researchers have been able to demonstrate the effects of interference in numerous studies. They often do this by increasing the similarity of the information presented. For example, participants may be presented with the original information and then after a period of time, presented with more information. When tested on what they recall, interference is observed more frequently when the secondary information contains more similarities to the original material. The more similar two memories are, the more likely it is that interference will occur. In one of the earliest studies on the interference theory of forgetting, researchers had subjects memorize a list of two-syllable adjectives. Later, subjects were asked to memorize one of five different lists. Some of these lists were very similar to the original test material, while others were very different.   For example, some lists contained synonyms of the original words, some antonyms, and some were simply nonsense syllables. Later testing showed that recall improved as the differences between the two lists increased. The more similar the lists were, the more interference there was, leading to more difficulty with recall. In one 2018 study, researchers found that retroactive interference had a negative impact on learning and memory consolidation. After a learning task, some participants were presented with a subsequent interference task at various time points. Some had the second learning task three minutes after learning the first information, while others had it nine minutes after. What the researchers discovered was that the interference task decreased memory performance by as much as 20 percent. Interestingly, interference tended to have a greater negative impact on those identified as fast learners than it did on those identified as slow learners. Interference can play a prominent role in the learning process. Research suggests that previously learning material can have an impact on future learning and, conversely, newly learning information can affect past learning.  One study found that retroactive interference effects were more profound in younger children, but that these effects may diminish as people age. Applications Interference theory can have a number of real-world applications. From a practical, everyday standpoint, one of the best ways to improve your memory for something is to make it stand out. If you are trying to remember something and want to avoid the effects of interference, look for a way to add novelty. Making up a song, rhyme, or mnemonic is one way to help make what you are studying stand out in your memory. By making it memorable and less similar to other memories, it may become easier to recall. Regular practice sessions can also be useful for promoting overlearning and reducing the probability that new memories will interfere with what you are learning now. A Word From Verywell While interference is just one explanation for why we forget, it is an important one. The competition between similar memories might make it much more difficult to recall things you have learned in the past. This interference can also make it much more difficult to recall more recent memories, which can make learning difficult. Studies in lab settings support the existence and impact of interference, but in real-world settings, it is much more difficult to ascertain just how much of forgetting can be linked to the effects of interference. How Human Memory Works

Women During The Civil War - 2024 Words

In the 1860’s, American society during the war was of two minds. To fully illustrate the discontent and anger felt for the war, analysis of the personal accounts of women during the Civil War will be introduced in this writing. The personal accounts include diary excerpts and letters, as well as an illustration produced at the time of the war. The wavering of unity on both the South and North due to the separation of family and the destruction of the United States and its individuals set the tone of what was deemed to be an insignificant war. The disengagement of the family unit and the destruction and hardships created due to the wartime circumstances led to discontent with the war, further leading it to be viewed in a negative light by†¦show more content†¦What began as a war to reunite the nation under one constitution and government, morphed into a fight for the abolishment of slavery. With the increased presence of pressure that came with the change in end goal o f the war, tensions rose and a nation that was already divided became more increasingly broken. After slightly over four years of fighting and tension, the Confederacy, under the leadership of General Robert E. Lee, surrendered to the Union, under the leadership of General Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia (Outline 8). Soon after the surrender of the Confederation, President Lincoln was assassinated and Vice President Andrew Johnson assumed position as the President of the United States (Outline 8). During the period of reconstruction following the end of the Civil War, the thirteenth amendment was ratified in 1865, abolishing the establishment of slavery in the United States (Outline 8). In the 1862 â€Å"Excerpt from Diary of Margaret Junkin Preston†, the Civil War is introduced as an unnecessary and unsupported war by many; more specifically, the women (Hollitz 312). The document was written by Margaret as a way of voicing her opinion of the war and the effects it has had on the South. Margaret is putting to words how she feels about her husband being absent from home, the likeliness that he will be absent for such a duration of time; til the war has ended, or the eternal absence as the

The Theory Of Evolution And The Origin Of Species

The Theory of Evolution: â€Å"Grievously Hypothetical† *Rough Draft* First Publicized in Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life, The Theory of Evolution has been a widely excepted theory all around the world. According to the Pew Research Center, approximately 60% of all American adults believe in Darwinian evolution (Public s Views on Human Evolution). This is an absurdly large amount of the United States’ population given how remarkably flawed Darwin’s theory really is. As stated in On the Origin of Species, the Theory of Evolution claims that â€Å"†¦ new species in the course of time are formed through natural selection† (Darwin 86). The heart of this theory is descent with modification. This suggests that over countless generations, minute genetic variations have occurred due to mutations. These genetic variations have the ability to alter how a species interacts with its environment. If the genetic variation deems beneficial to the species’ likeliness to survive and reproduce, the mutation will be passed down to its offspring. Through many years of completely random mutations deeming to beneficial, large enough changes occur in a species for it to have evolved into a completely new species; this is where that phrase origin of species comes from in the title of Darwin’s publication. The Theory of Evolution also encompasses common descent, an idea claiming that: â€Å"†¦ all livingShow MoreRelatedContradiction Between the Theory of Evolution and the Bible947 Words   |  4 Pageswho founded the theory of evolution and changed the way we think about the natural world. Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 and lived during the Industrial Revolution. As a child, Darwin initially planned to become a doctor, but his plan terminated when he joined the five year expedition on the survey ship, the HMS Beagle, in 1831. In the expedition, Darwin developed a theory and published a book call The Origin of Species. This book was the beginning of what we know about evolution, and it was controversialRead MoreThe Origin Of Species By Charles Darwin898 Words   |  4 Pagesfor his theory of evolution and in particular, natural selection. His most famous works, and one of his most controversial works as well, was his book titled On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. Darwin wrote the Origin of Species after an almost five-year voyage aboard the H.M.S. Beagle. While aboard the beagle, Darwin was presented with many facts that appeared to â€Å"shed some light on the origin of species†. DarwinRead MoreThe History of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution980 Words   |  4 Pages Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. 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Anthropology is a holistic subject that covers all facetsRead MoreOn the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin1148 Words   |  5 PagesOn November 24th, 1859, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life by Charles Darwin (renamed On the Origin of Species 13 years later) was published in London, England. In it, Charles Darwin specified his observations and gave his insight on what he thought caused evolution. He called it natural selection. Before this, nearly everyone believed that a single God created every living organism that none of them had changedRead MoreThe Evolution of Evolution1188 Words   |  5 Pagescreation of humanity have rapidly changed since the discovery of evolution. Nevertheless, there was a time before the world did not know the theory of evolution and the theories demonstrated by Sir Charles Darwin. 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Polytheism was the cornerstone of many ancient civilizations including Egyptian, Greek, andRead MoreCreationism And Evolutionism - Explaining Life1344 Words   |  6 Pagesdiversity of species existing in the world makes everyone think about how all species appeared. So, some scholar s became interested to explain how the species originated, and then they began a diligent study around this topic. Consequently, some theories such as Creationism and Evolutionism have arisen and started a big debate to highlight their ideas. Each theory has its own beliefs, but separating them seems not to be the best way to get a full and coherent final explanation to how species were originatedRead More Nietsche and Evolution Essay1157 Words   |  5 PagesNietsche and Evolution It is the image of the ungraspable phantom of life; and this is the key to it all. -Melville In 1859 Charles Darwin offered a theory that seemed to disprove the longstanding explanation of the Origin of existence. Darwins theory of evolution proposes a convincing argument that the universe was not created for a purpose, with intention, by a conscious God, but rather, was a phenomenon of random change. Fredrick Nietzsche articulated the gravity of the effect ofRead MoreDarwin s Theory Of Evolution1620 Words   |  7 Pagesfirst presented his theory of evolution by natural selection through his book called ‘On the Origin of Species’. The book was released in 1859 and it explained the process of how organisms changed over time through the result of changes in heritable physical or behavioural traits. These changes allow an organism to adapt to the environment that it inhabits so that the organism’s chances of survival improve and produce more offspring (Than, 2015). However, biological evolution does not simply mean

Whywhy Children Should Play or Organized Sports Free Essays

Why Children Should Play School or Organized Sport â€Å"Research has shown that participation in outside of school sports and or other organized sports is associated with lower dropout rates, reduced problem behaviors, and increased school performance. Children build interpersonal skills, positive assets needed to become active and productive young adults. Studies suggest that children who are involved with after school sports or organized sports have higher self esteem, lower depression rates and have better opportunities for optimal growth and development†. We will write a custom essay sample on Whywhy Children Should Play or Organized Sports or any similar topic only for you Order Now Howie, 2009) Children should play school sports or organized sports, because sports improve children’s self esteem, sports teach children skills that they can use to become leaders, and sports give children the exercise they need to stay healthy. Although, school sports or organized sports help children with their self esteem, teach children to be team players and give children the exercise to stay healthy there are cons to playing sports. School sports or organized sports are commitments that a child needs to make. When there is a child that is going to play sports, the family also needs to be a part of the team as well. Playing sports is time consuming and takes a lot of time from be able to do other things outside of sports. It is important that the child and parents know the length of the season, the practice schedule and game schedule to make sure that there is time for family time too. It is also important that when a child has decided to play a sport that the entire family is willing to be a part of the team as well. School sports and or organized sports are wonderful to help increase self esteem in children. When children have a high level of self esteem they reduce the chances of depression and anxiety. Children that play school sports or organized sports have a high level of self esteem and do well in school; it helps children to become problem solvers and gives children encouragement to do well in school. It has been proven that children that participate in school sports or organized sports earn better grades, have better behaviors in and out of the classroom, and there is a lower rate of them dropping out of school. School sports or organized sports keep hildren going to school on a regular basis with fewer unexcused days missed, because they know that if they are not in school they are going to miss the opportunity to play with their team. â€Å"Furthermore, non participants of school sports or organized sports were more likely to drop of school; children were more likely to smoke cigarettes, more likely to become teen parents and more likely to be arrested than children who are sp ort participants†. (Donaldson, 2007) School sports or organized sports gives children skills to become team members and helps children to become leaders. Children that play school sports or organized sports learn skills that they can use their entire lives. â€Å"Developmental benefits include: developing individual and team goals, meeting deadlines, working as a team, learning to perform under pressure, dealing with adversity, handling success and failure, developing self confidence, developing decision making strategies, and learning communication skills†. (Zaichowsky, 2007) School sports or organized sports are a wonderful way to encourage children to learn skills to become leaders in today’s society. After children graduate from high school and continue on to college, they are going to be able to take the skills that they have learned with them to the â€Å"Real World†. When children play school sports or organized sports they know that they are part of a team and that their team needs them. They need to make sure that they go to practice, go to school and make sure that they get good grades so that they are eligible to play in their games. Sports give children the feeling of membership and know that they are needed to complete a task from start to finish. Playing sports starts a foundation for children to be leaders. As children grow older and are learning the skills to become better adults, it is important that they understand that the younger generations are going to look up to them for guidance. They need to take their skills that they have learned and teach it to the younger children that are looking up to them for guidance. They have been taught the skills to be good role models for the next generation. Although school sports or organized sports teaches children lessons in life to be successful human beings, the most important reason that children should play sports is to be healthy. When children are school sports or rganized sport teams, they are going to get the exercise that they need to get healthy and stay healthy. â€Å"An increase in physical activity has many health benefits: it lowers the risk of obesity, coronary heart disease, type II diabetes, hypertension, and osteoporosis†. (Collard, 2008) Exercise teaches children to be physical fit, but also teaches children that nutr ition is also important. Child obesity is on the rise in the United States. In today’s society we lead very busy lives and it is convenient to stop at fast food restaurants between work, home and sporting events to pick up dinner. Also, there are a lot of entertaining shows on television that children are interested in watching. We can help our children become healthier by leading healthy lifestyles as a family. Exercising is important to keep children fit and healthy to prevent injuries. Injuries can happen to healthy children do, but the risk is higher for children that are not in physical shape. Everyone should have at least 20 to 30 minutes of cardiovascular exercise each day, when children are playing school sports or organized sports they are exercising and having fun at the same time. Children should play school sports or organized sports to make sure that they get enough exercise. The word exercise to children sounds like work, however when they are playing sports they are exercising and getting into shape without knowing it. The importance of limiting television time and playing games on the computer or other gaming systems would be helpful to children too. When children are not playing school sports or organized sports, they should be encouraged to go for walk, go for a bike ride, take their dog for a walk or simply run up and down a set of stairs. By playing school sports or organized sports it is easier for children to get the exercise they need, but when they are not playing they also need to make sure they get the exercise they need to stay in shape. Physical Education classes in school help children, but there are schools in our country that are cutting PE classes from their budgets. School sports are great to get children exercising during the season but once the season ends it is just as important that they stay fit and healthy for the next season. There has been a drop in the number of students enrolled in daily physical education classes, so that one in four children do not attend any school physical education class. Seventy percent of children drop out of sports by the age of 13. Nearly half of young people ages 12 through 21, and more than one-third of high school students do not participate in any vigorous physical activity on a regular basis. Fewer than one out of four children get 20 minutes of vigorous daily activity. The percentage of overweight young Americans has more than doubled in the past 30 years†. Engle, 2010) Children that play school sports or organized sports have a better chance of getting the exercise that they need compared to students that do not play sports. For children that don’t play sports, it is important that they are encouraged to join some other activity that involved daily exercise to keep children fit and healthy. In conclusion school sports or organized sports is wonderful for children to learn tools that they are going to use through their childhood, but most importantly they are going to be able to take these tools and use them through the entire life. Sports participation is a major factor in the development of most American children. About 20 million American children ages 6 through 16 plays organized out of school sports, and about 25 million youth play competitive school sports. 30 to 45 million kids’ ages 6 through 18 participate in at least one school or community based athletic program†. (Engle, 2010) School sports or organized sports improve children’s self esteem levels, gives children the tools and lessons to become a leader and also allows children time to get the exercise that they need to get and stay healthy. When children have a high level of self esteem they do better in school and have more confidence. School sports or organized sports are a wonderful tool that is used to help children achieve their goals. How to cite Whywhy Children Should Play or Organized Sports, Papers

The Passive Killer Essay Example

The Passive Killer Essay This newspaper article is aimed at everybody. The headlines are large, emboldened and eye-catching. The language is statistical and emotive. It is written in pyramid writing and there is a picture of a woman, whose age is vague, smoking a cigarette with fumes surrounding her. The paragraphs are short, simple and easily digestible. The headline is very dramatic because passive can usually mean that it is not harmful but the very next word is killer. It is a paradox. This immediately peaks our interest. Just below the headline there is a short but bold and underlined sentence, which is emphatic because the word order has changed. The last word is confirm which means that the sentence is a solid, concrete fact. There are a lot of references to expert opinions. In the second paragraph, it says that the report is from the Government-backed Scientific Committee on Tobacco and Health, and later on, a professor is quoted. Throughout the article every single disease related to smoking is mentioned and some repeated such as lung, mouth and throat cancer. We learn how many people die from smoke, how terrible it is and that there is a National No Smoking Day, but there is a little glimmer of hope when it says that half of the smokers are killed unless they quit. Initially, it appears that babies are most at risk, which is only a small percent of the population, and then we find out that anyone who is or is living with a smoker is also at a high risk. As the few that these apply to begin to relax, we are informed that smoking should be banned in public places because it is so dangerous. So by this point everyone is said to be affected and no one can relax. We will write a custom essay sample on The Passive Killer specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Passive Killer specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Passive Killer specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The word victims is used to describe babies and this not only emphasizes the need to protect a child but also makes the smoker feel guilty at the same time. At the foot of the page there are two boxed texts with their own headlines that stand out. The title, the price they pay is capitalised and very snappy. It is an expression commonly used to describe criminals. There is also alliteration for effect. There is also that picture which is black-out-of-white. In the box are two separate columns one for the passive smoker and one for the smoker himself. There are at least six bullet points following with straight facts. Each sentence begins with raises, doubles or causes which sounds scary. Technical and medical terminology is used especially when listing diseases. On the page opposite, there is another box with its own heading which stands out because it is black-out-of-white. The dramatic verb cut off is used and is journalese. There is a short story about a normal family whose life has been turned upside-down due to their two sons having asthma. The report suggests that the unfortunate family cannot go to many public places due to their sons breathing problems caused by smoke. It is an exaggeration but the point is that it can happen to anyone. There is a large emboldened quotation Public have to be protected and this is very effective because it is a feature of a tabloid. Since this was in the Daily Mail, it is unusual. What follows are four paragraphs informing us how terrible smoking in public places is and makes it sound somewhat like a crime. The reporter says that smoking should not be allowed in public service buildings and on public transport but as this comment reported it is a bit biased. In the penultimate paragraph, it says that the tobacco industry should hang its corporate head in shame. The word corporate suggests that they only care about making money instead of saving peoples lives. And at the very end, the word but is used to tell how someone professional did not agree because he argued that the report was weak and inconclusive. Even though this is a very important piece of information, it is only included in the report as a little but. In conclusion, I think that this report would scare a lot of people because of the statistical language even though it is a bit exaggerated.